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<A NAME="lsfs"> </A><H2><A NAME="SECTION006196000000000000000">Feature structures</A></H2>
<P>
Feature structures may be constructed using, among other facilities, the
commands provided by <EM>avm.sty</EM>. It is necessary to include feature
structures in a figure environment, to ensure proper conversion to HTML.
However, it is not necessary to duplicate material, for un-numbered
feature structures (numbered feature structures can be handled as for
numbered trees and numbered sentences: by enclosing, for the HTML version,
the feature structure in a figure environment, embedded in a tabular).
Examples follow.
<P>
<H3><A NAME="SECTION006196100000000000000">Feature structures: Example 1 -- Simple</A></H3>
<P>
The example in figure <A HREF="node53.html#4f7" target="_top">3.3</A> illustrates
the classification.
<P>
<CENTER>
<P><A NAME="947"> </A><IMG WIDTH=453 HEIGHT=156 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure729" SRC="img8.gif"><BR>
<STRONG>Figure 3.3:</STRONG> Example 1<A NAME="4f7"> </A><BR>
<P>
</CENTER>
<P>
The example was produced as follows:
<P>
<PRE>The example in figure~\ref{4f7} illustrates
the classification.
\begin{figure}[h!tb]
\centering
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2}
\avmoptions{sorted}
\begin{tabular}[t]{lll}
A few participants in this competition & swim
& for their country\\
\begin{avm}\[{caus\&{}chng}cause $\ind{1}$\;\[{loc}man $+$\\
dir $-$\]\\
change $\ind{1}$\]\end{avm}
\end{tabular}
\vspace{1ex}
\caption{Example 1\label{4f7}}
\vspace{1.5ex}
\end{figure}</PRE>
<P>
<H3><A NAME="SECTION006196200000000000000">Feature structures: Example 1 -- Complex</A></H3>
<P>
Given that the subject of the infinitive VP
complement is also assigned a role in the infinitive
CONTENT description, a sentence such as
``John tries to run'' would be as follows:
<P>
<DIV ALIGN=CENTER><P ALIGN=CENTER><P><IMG WIDTH=425 HEIGHT=182 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="figure750" SRC="img9.gif"><P></P></DIV>
This example was produced as follows:
<P>
<PRE>Given that the subject of the infinitive VP
complement is also assigned a role in the infinitive
CONTENT description, a sentence such as
``John tries to run'' would be as follows:
\vspace{1.5ex}
\begin{center}</PRE>
<TT><IMG WIDTH=7 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline1871" SRC="img2.gif">begin{htmlonly}</TT>
<PRE>\begin{figure}[h]</PRE>
<TT><IMG WIDTH=7 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline1871" SRC="img2.gif">end{htmlonly}</TT>
<PRE>\avmoptions{active}
\avmfont{\normalsize}
\avmsortfont{\scriptsize\it}
\begin{avm}
[phon \it try\\
synsem|loc|cat[subcat \<NP$_{@1}$,
VP[SUBCAT \< NP$_{@1}$\>]:@2 \> \\
content[ reln \it try\\
tryer @1\\
soa-arg @2[ reln \it run\\
runner @1]]]]
\end{avm}</PRE>
<TT><IMG WIDTH=7 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline1871" SRC="img2.gif">begin{htmlonly}</TT>
<PRE>\end{figure}</PRE>
<TT><IMG WIDTH=7 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=MIDDLE ALT="tex2html_wrap_inline1871" SRC="img2.gif">end{htmlonly}</TT>
<PRE>\end{center}
\vspace{1.5ex}</PRE>
<P>
<H3><A NAME="SECTION006196300000000000000">Feature structures: Example 3 -- Frames</A></H3>
<P>
Frames are best captured in a tabular inside a table environment, as in
the following fragment.
<P>
Unlike argument optionality, <EM>frame alternations</EM> always require
the independent description of more than one frame to be related at
the frame_list level. Let us consider first the case of the
causative-inchoative alternation.
<P>
Frame_1 (table <A HREF="node53.html#4t9" target="_top">3.3</A>) and frame_2 (table <A HREF="node53.html#4t10" target="_top">3.4</A>)
describe the constructions ``John broke the vase'' and
``the vase broke'', respectively.
<P>
<CENTER>
<P><A NAME="948"> </A>
<P>
<TABLE COLS=3 RULES=GROUPS>
<COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>
frame_1
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([slot_1
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([slot_real_1(CatLabel: np, Subject: subj)]),</TD></TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> slot_2 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([slot_real_1(CatLabel: np, Subject:
comp)])])
</TD></TR>
<CAPTION ALIGN=BOTTOM><STRONG>Table 3.3:</STRONG> ``John broke the vase''<A NAME="4t9"> </A></CAPTION></TABLE>
<P>
</CENTER>
<P>
<CENTER>
<P><A NAME="949"> </A>
<P>
<TABLE COLS=3 RULES=GROUPS>
<COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>
frame_2
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([slot_1 </TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([slot_real_1(CatLabel: np,
Subject: subj)])])
</TD></TR>
<CAPTION ALIGN=BOTTOM><STRONG>Table 3.4:</STRONG> ``the vase broke''<A NAME="4t10"> </A></CAPTION></TABLE>
<P>
</CENTER>
<P>
In order to express the fact that, in these examples,
`vase' is associated with two different slots in
the two frames, we avail ourselves of
the notation in table <A HREF="node53.html#4t11" target="_top">3.5</A>, specified at
the frame_list level, which encodes the
correspondence between slot_2 in frame_1
and slot_1 in frame_2.
<P>
<CENTER>
<P><A NAME="950"> </A>
<P>
<TABLE COLS=3 RULES=GROUPS>
<COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT><COL ALIGN=LEFT>
<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>
frame_list
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> ([related_1(FrameIndex: 1, SlotIndex: 2,
</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP> FrameIndex: 2, SlotIndex: 1)])
</TD></TR>
<CAPTION ALIGN=BOTTOM><STRONG>Table 3.5:</STRONG> Notation at the frame_list level<A NAME="4t11"> </A></CAPTION></TABLE>
<P>
</CENTER>
<P>
The examples were produced as follows:
<P>
<PRE>Unlike argument optionality, {\em frame alternations}
always require the independent description of more than
one frame to be related at the frame\_{}list level.
Let us consider first the case of the causative--inchoative
alternation.
Frame\_{}1 (table~\ref{4t9}) and frame\_{}2 (table~\ref{4t10})
describe the constructions ``John broke the vase'' and
``the vase broke'', respectively.
\begin{table}[h!tb]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
frame\_{}1
& ([slot\_{}1
& ([slot\_{}real\_{}1(CatLabel: np, Subject: subj)]),\\
& \ \ slot\_{}2 & ([slot\_{}real\_{}1(CatLabel: np, Subject:
comp)])])
\end{tabular}
\caption{``John broke the vase''\label{4t9}}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[h!tb]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
frame\_{}2
& ([slot\_{}1 & ([slot\_{}real\_{}1(CatLabel: np,
Subject: subj)])])
\end{tabular}
\caption{``the vase broke''\label{4t10}}
\end{table}
In order to express the fact that, in these examples,
`vase' is associated with two different slots in
the two frames, we avail ourselves of
the notation in table~\ref{4t11}, specified at
the frame\_{}list level, which encodes the
correspondence between slot\_{}2 in frame\_{}1
and slot\_{}1 in frame\_{}2.
\begin{table}[h!tb]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
frame\_{}list
& ([related\_{}1(FrameIndex: 1, SlotIndex: 2,
& FrameIndex: 2, SlotIndex: 1)])
\end{tabular}
\caption{Notation at the frame\_{}list level\label{4t11}}
\end{table}</PRE>
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