An adposition is an invariable morphological unit that relates, within a sentence,
different syntactic constituents which have different syntactic functions or different
semantic roles.
In French, we only have the type value preposition; prepositions
introduce a noun phrase, and this from a
syntactic and semantic point of view.
Examples:
- appeler à la révolte.
- se diriger vers la sortie.
We can distinguish semantically empty prepositions from semantically
full prepositions. Semantically empty prepositions are strongly bound prepositions
in the case of V, N and Adj complementation (case markers).
Semantically empty prepositions are weakly bound prepositions in the case of
V complementation, or unbound prepositions.
- Strongly bound prepositions:
Examples:
- appeler à la révolte.
- facile à apprendre.
- la direction du projet.
- Weakly bound prepositions:
Examples:
- se diriger vers la sortie.
- Unbound preposition:
Examples:
- travailler pour gagner la vie. (goal)
- travailler pour la gloire. (goal)